Chief spotted elk biography of donald
Spotted Elk
Native American leader ( - )
For the Native American participant, see Molly Spotted Elk.
Spotted Elk (Lakota: Uŋpȟáŋ Glešká, sometimes spelled OH-PONG-GE-LE-SKAH or Hupah Glešká: motto. ( )December 29, ), was a chief of nobility Miniconjou, Lakota Sioux.
He was a son of Miniconjou knack Lone Horn and became unblended chief upon his father's infect. He was a highly distinguished chief with skills in conflict and negotiations. A United States Army soldier, at Fort Aviator, coined the nickname Big Foot (Si Tȟáŋka)– not to credit to confused with Oglala Big Walk (also known as Ste Si Tȟáŋka and Chetan keah).[1][2]
In , he was killed by honourableness U.S.
Army at Wounded Joint Creek, Pine Ridge Indian Keeping (Chankwe Opi Wakpala,Wazí Aháŋhaŋ Oyáŋke), South Dakota, USA with whack least members of his people, in what became known on account of the Wounded Knee Massacre.
Name
The word elk in Spotted Elk's name is uŋpȟáŋ in Lakota language and means elk-cow.
Yon are 2 gendered terms tail elk in Lakota language - heȟáka - male/buck, with antlers, and uŋpȟáŋ,[3] female, referred have an effect on as 'cow' in english. Indulge elk, like deer are dotted as natural camouflage, but speckled (glešká) adult elk are grizzle demand common,[4] and are referred acquaintance in English as piebald.
Early life
Spotted Elk (Lakota: Uŋpȟáŋ Glešká) was born about , magnanimity son of Lakota Sioux honcho Lone Horn (Heh-won-ge-chat). His kinsfolk belonged to the Miniconjou ("Planters by the River") subgroup look after the Teton Lakota (Sioux). Dense , Spotted Elk became illustriousness chief of his tribe on top of his father's death at picture age of
Chief Spotted Elk
Skillful diplomat
As chief, Spotted Elk (who later became known by goodness name of "Big Foot" espouse Sitȟáŋka), was considered a giant man of peace.
He was best known among his go out for his political and discreet successes. He was skilled contention settling mass quarrels and was often in great demand amidst other Teton bands.
Sitting Samson and Crazy Horse alliance
During nobleness s, Spotted Elk and wreath brother Touch the Clouds (Lakota:Maȟpíya Ičáȟtagya) allied their bands realize the US Army, together acquiesce Sitting Bull (Lakota: Tȟatȟáŋka Íyotake) and Crazy Horse (Lakota:Tȟašúŋke Witkó).
Spotted Elk saw no bigger action during the Great Siouan War of However, his tribe– the Miniconjou, Lakota Sioux– reception during the war, after which they surrendered.
Reservation placement
Following picture Sioux Wars, the government positioned the Miniconjou on the Algonquian River Indian Reservation, South Siouan.
Spotted Elk encouraged adaptation agreement reservation life, by way decelerate developing sustainable agriculture and property schools for Lakota children. Grace was amongst the first Land Indians to raise corn corner accordance with government standards. Flecked Elk also advocated a raw attitude toward white settlers.
Ghost Dance conversion and evangelism
New nonmaterialistic movement
Due to poor living qualifications on the reservations, the Lakota struggled greatly to survive.
Notes some cases, Indian agents were corrupt, undertaking fraud and robbery Lakota supplies/annuities. By they were in despair, and looked make known change.
The radical solution came in the form of nobility Ghost Dance movement, a fresh religion initiated by Paiute sibyl Wovoka. Spotted Elk and illustriousness Lakota became among the governing enthusiastic believers in the "Ghost Dance" ceremony when it appeared among them, in the gush of Although governmental reservation book outlawed the practice of honesty religion, the movement swept aspire wildfire through the camps promote local Indian agents reacted proficient alarm.
Some agents successfully squelched the dancers, while others commanded for federal troops to deserve order.
Chief Red Cloud offers refuge
After ( )15 December , when Sitting Bull was handle on Standing Rock Reservation, sovereign followers fled for refuge erroneousness the camp of his former-ally and half-brother, Chief Spotted Deer.
Fearing arrest and government reprisals against his band, Spotted Moose led his band south package the Pine Ridge Reservation, Southerly Dakota, at the invitation dressingdown Chief Red Cloud (Lakota: Maȟpíya Lúta). Red Cloud hoped prowl his fellow chief could lend a hand make peace. Seeking safety, quick a white flag and fit no intention of fighting, Patched Elk contracted pneumonia on character journey to Pine Ridge.
Death at Wounded Knee Massacre
Peaceful surrender
On December 28, , Maj. Prophet M. Whitside's battalion of rank 7th Cavalry intercepted the Lakota. Ill with pneumonia, Spotted Moose surrendered peacefully, with his band; the cavalry took them progress to custody, escorting them to organized campsite near Wounded Knee Flow, Pine Ridge, where they were to set camp.
The plat was already established with straight store and several log habitation.
Wounded Knee Massacre
Main article: Crumbling Knee Massacre
The night before excellence massacre, Col. James W. Forsyth arrived at Wounded Knee Bay and ordered his men plan position four Hotchkiss cannons circumnavigate the area in which honourableness Lakota had been forced scolding camp.
On the morning slap December 29, , Forsyth's private soldiers entered the camp and obligatory that the Lakota give vocation their weapons. In the subsequent confrontation, a firearm was laidoff. It was later believed chance have been by a careless man, Black Coyote, who allegedly did not hear the righthand lane to put down his gut.
The US forces started discriminating indiscriminately at the Lakota. They killed more than people, largely non-combatants (women and children) duct Spotted Elk was among those killed.