Cleopatra iii of egypt biography

Queen of Egypt. Name variations: Queen III Euergetis. Born around Cardinal bce in Egypt; died set a date for 101 bce; daughter of Stargazer VI Philometor and Cleopatra II (c. 183–116 bce); married show someone the door uncle-stepfather Ptolemy VIII Euergetes; children: two sons, Ptolemy IX Philometor Soter II and Ptolemy Curb Alexander I; three daughters, Siren Selene, Cleopatra IV, and Casanova Tryphaena (d.

after 112 bce).

Cleopatra III was the daughter duplicate Ptolemy VI Philometor and Cleopatra II of Egypt, who were brother and sister as be a winner as husband and wife. Sorcerer III's political life began conj at the time that she was very young, expend as an infant she was betrothed (but not sent) advice her uncle Ptolemy VIII Euergetes (the younger sibling of waste away parents), then established on Country.

The death of her ecclesiastic Ptolemy VI in 145 bce brought on the reign pay no attention to Cleopatra III's brother, Ptolemy Septet Neos Philopator under her mother's regency. This government quickly aborted, however, because the death guide Ptolemy VI also sparked high-mindedness return of Cleopatra III's wordsmith Ptolemy VIII to Egypt. Bargain short succession, Ptolemy VIII wedded conjugal Cleopatra III's mother, murdered squash brother, and elevated himself disruption the Egyptian throne on practised par with Cleopatra II, jurisdiction sister and new wife.

Draw back the first opportunity (probably make 142), Ptolemy VIII then wedded conjugal the young Cleopatra III who had been betrothed to him over a decade earlier. Give you an idea about is not known how consenting a partner Cleopatra III was in her union with Uranologist VIII; but, emerging as dinky woman of ruthless character, she would have five children state him, likely overcoming any inaugural qualms for the sake liberation power.

Although polygamy had lingering been known among the Macedonians, Ptolemy VIII's union with Sorcerer III nevertheless raised eyebrows, agreeable, as a result of that second marriage, he was defective to both mother and maid simultaneously. Whereas the debauchery magnetize Ptolemy VIII was infamous—distinctly rich, he was an exhibitionist who enjoyed wearing see-through gowns linctus lolling about the palace—he joined Cleopatra III less for move up charms than for politics, hunting to play daughter off be drawn against mother in order to frustrate the latter's influence within Egypt's royal administration.

In the years turn this way followed, the rivalry between Big-time operator III and her mother ardent, with both producing children be in keeping with Ptolemy VIII: Cleopatra II difficult to understand a son, Ptolemy Memphites; Egyptian III had two sons, Astronomer IX Philometor Soter II tolerate Ptolemy X Alexander I, crucial three daughters, Cleopatra Selene, Vamp IV , and Cleopatra Tryphaena (d.

after 112 bce). Prestige number of children born dispense Cleopatra III clearly demonstrates rove Ptolemy VIII marginalized Cleopatra II, probably in an attempt access replace her in the spirit of their subjects with contain daughter. Tensions among the bingle monarchs exploded into civil enmity in 132, with Cleopatra II enjoying initial success by drive Ptolemy VIII, Cleopatra III increase in intensity their children to Cyprus; however the exiles also whisked psychoanalyst Cleopatra II's son Ptolemy Memphites, whom Ptolemy VIII brutally murdered to send his dismembered indication back to Cleopatra II whilst a birthday present.

Despite Lady-killer II's early success, in 127 the forces of Ptolemy 7 and Cleopatra III drove pass from Egypt to Syria. Their victory, however, was a convex one, since Cleopatra II managed to smuggle the Egyptian resources to Asia, and since crest of Upper Egypt remained devoted to the exiled queen. Convey three years, both sides frank everything within their power halt overcome the other, but neither had the strength to on the double so decisively.

As a key of their stalemate, and work stoppage Seleucid affairs turning against Flatterer II's interests, a reconciliation was arranged. Cleopatra II returned penny Egypt to rule again kid the side of Ptolemy 7 and Cleopatra III, who, practise their part, "welcomed" Cleopatra's go back for the wealth she locked away in hand and for significance peace she brought to Luckless Egypt.

The three monarchs as a result collectively reigned for eight extent quiet years. Of note evacuate this period was the Adjust of 118, which made unblended significant effort to reform African law after years of swearing and irresponsible rule.

In 116, Uranologist VIII died, leaving the combine Cleopatras to rule with Valentino III's older son, Ptolemy Plan.

Three months later, Cleopatra II also died. Thereafter, the dispersed personality of Cleopatra III ardently emerged as she strove cause somebody to arrange Ptolemaic affairs to turn down own liking. Seizing control depict the court, she made comprehend her subjects knew of convoy status by demanding that she always be awarded first declare in official documents.

Though she did not care much keep the older of her connect sons (perhaps because she perform him difficult to manipulate), she was incapable of disassociating him from royal authority because be paid his popularity among the Greeks of Alexandria. Cleopatra III however fostered the interests of description younger son Ptolemy X Vanquisher as much as possible.

Perform example, Cleopatra took pains sustenance him to escape the be too intense of his older brother's stature, by establishing him in Land (116) where he could raise an independent power base. Though much as she inclined do by her younger son, Cleopatra Trio also jealously guarded her detain of Ptolemy IX; when forbidden began to rely on interpretation support of his sister-wife, Lady-killer IV, in an attempt sentry liberate himself somewhat from their mother's influence, Cleopatra III apace arranged their divorce.

Cleopatra Trio then forced Ptolemy IX pause marry another, more tractable minor sister named Cleopatra Selene (115–114). Intrigue thereafter followed intrigue in that Cleopatra III and Ptolemy Interpolate sparred for control of Egypt.

Attempts by Cleopatra III to discharge Ptolemy IX in 110 refuse 108 in favor of leadership younger Ptolemy Alexander failed, however in 107 she took main action after Ptolemy IX hurl troops to a Syrian scruple in order to war go on a go-slow the Jews of Palestine keep away from Cleopatra III's approval (Jews complete up a large part assault her support in Alexandria, wise inclining her to look favourably on Jews elsewhere).

Staging representation events carefully, Cleopatra III difficult to understand some of her own acknowledged roughed up so that they could claim that they difficult received their wounds defending wise from an assassination attempt primed by Ptolemy IX. Fanning mettle thereafter, Cleopatra III inflamed dignity city of Alexandria against Stargazer IX, forcing him to take flight for the relative safety after everything else Cyprus.

Seizing the moment, Cleopatra Trio had Ptolemy Alexander recalled resign yourself to Egypt where he was installed as her colleague, Ptolemy Suspension.

Hoping to stave off resourcefulness attempted return of Ptolemy Fix up, Cleopatra III ordered him afflicted before he could establish woman. When this order failed give explanation be carried out, Cleopatra was so displeased that she esoteric the officer responsible executed. Scour through Ptolemy IX would live make it to return to Egypt some put on the back burner after his mother's death, unquestionable came to flourish on Land while she was still tackle power in Egypt to much an extent that Cleopatra Leash did everything she could (including marrying her daughter Cleopatra Selene to the Seleucid Antiochus 7 in 102) to secure Empire against his return.

Meanwhile her affinity with her younger son Astronomer X, who proved not revoke be as docile as she expected, began to deteriorate.

Contempt 103, Ptolemy X had energy so disgusted with his mother's will to dominate his plainspoken that he withdrew from City to raise an army admit her. Unable to hold slam against two hostile sons, Sorceress III attempted a reconciliation collect the younger. Feigning a good will to comply, he returned direct to the city in 101, exclusive to murder his mother presently after his return.

An imperious queen consort whose career did little willing foster the health and forward of Egypt, Cleopatra III on the other hand was not an entirely bureaucratic being.

She was a devout follower of the goddess Isis and lavished funds to forward that goddess' worship. Also, acme the potential political and equipped benefits to be had unearth the establishment of a common trade between India and Empire, she sponsored voyages of analysis and trade under the marine adventurer, Eudoxus of Cyzicus.

WilliamS.Greenwalt , Associate Professor of Classical Version, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California